Remediation of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soils with Soil Washing: A Review

Soil with heavy metals’ contamination has caused worldwide concern, and there is an increasing interest in the application of washing agents for remediation soils contamination. The review summarizes recent findings about soil different agents. For technologies, solubilizing capability, toxicity, biocompatibility are essential concerns. Washing can enhance desorption removal from soil. Inorganic acids/bases/salts, synthetic surfactants, chelators often limited due to their adverse effects on Biosurfactants, HAs (humic acids), LMWOA (low-molecular-weight organic acids) suggested agents, but limitation low production needs be conquered. Moreover, both a mixture agent sequential have been adopted improve overall capacity decontamination. Mixture obtain synergetic effect increase efficiency. Sequential apply high metals rate. However, this may cause environmental risks early stage, then remove injected stage by secondary stage. Overall, already known cases reveal good prospect remediation.